<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<rss version="2.0">
    <channel>
        <title>copla的凤凰博客</title>
        <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/1261086.html</link>
        <description><![CDATA[copla的凤凰博客]]></description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 09 Dec 2009 01:34:31 +0800</pubDate>
        <lastBuildDate>Wed, 09 Dec 2009 01:34:31 +0800</lastBuildDate>
        <generator>REBORN 1.0(beta)</generator>
        <language>zh-cn</language>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[《自新大陆》]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1489665.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<H1 style="MARGIN: 17pt 0cm 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 44.15pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin"><IMG height=266 src="http://blogfile.ifeng.com/uploadfiles/blog_attachment/0806/86/1261086_8fa899575bfa41c526ac9d35eeba4168.jpg" width=233></SPAN></H1><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 19pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #124878; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">作品写于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #124878; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">1892--1895</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #124878; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">年间，当时德沃夏克应纽约音乐学院邀请前往美国任教。从遥远的东欧来到陌生的美国，在两个民族、两种生活方式的碰撞的感受中创作出这部作品。</SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">德沃夏克在</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>1892</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>9</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">月</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>27</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">日到达美国的三十年前就己经读过《海华沙》的捷克文译本。他到纽约的国家音乐院任教，是受了理想主义者珍妮瑟伯夫人巨额资助的吸引而成行的。瑟伯夫人急于要他创作一部美国歌剧，她就设法找人把《海华沙》编成一个剧木。歌剧《海华沙》从未写成，但德沃夏克将其中的某些初稿用在后来的交响曲中。最早的手稿写于</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>1892</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>12</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">月，交响曲的全部总谱在</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>1893</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">年</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>2</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">月</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>9</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">日至</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>5</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">月</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>24</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">日之间完成。这部交响曲一直到</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>11</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">月中句在交给塞德尔之前不久才 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 19pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 19pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><DIV style="mso-element: endnote-list"><DIV id=edn1 style="mso-element: endnote"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16pt"></DIV></DIV>]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1489665.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jun 2008 11:50:13 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1489665</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[德沃夏克]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1489659.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<H1 style="MARGIN: 17pt 0cm 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 44.15pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri><IMG src="http://blogfile.ifeng.com/uploadfiles/blog_attachment/0806/86/1261086_b4233a69ba20a0cd2c87a1448770fb84.jpg"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>Antonin Dvorak </FONT></SPAN></H1><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">德沃夏克</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #124878; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">一生创作了九部交响曲、十一部歌剧、五首标题交响诗、以及各种器乐小品等。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #124878; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">e</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #124878; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">小调第九交响曲实为其创作的顶峰。</SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">古以来，自欧洲音乐形成以后，捷克人</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>——</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">他们常被称为波希米亚人</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333"><FONT face=Arial>——</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=content1><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial">就以富有音乐才能而闻名于世。中世纪以来的历史记载中，我们发现，他们的名字是作为法国和德国大公爵和国王的吹笛人或提琴手而载入史册的。十八世纪波希米亚作曲家纷纷在法国、意大利、奥国和德国定居，他们对交响曲这种形式有极大的贡献</SPAN></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">史密塔纳缔造了捷克音乐</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">德沃扎克将它发扬光大。他是后期浪漫派众家好手中最愉快也最不带有神经质的作曲家。“神、爱、祖国”是他一生的座右铭。布拉姆斯常遭心情郁闷之苦</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">柴可夫斯基神 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><DIV style="mso-element: endnote-list"><DIV id=edn1 style="mso-element: endnote"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%"></DIV><DIV id=edn2 style="mso-element: endnote"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 16pt"></DIV></DIV>]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1489659.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 01 Jun 2008 11:47:29 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1489659</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[交响乐队常识]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484704.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<H1 style="MARGIN: 17pt 0cm 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 240%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">交响乐队常识</SPAN></H1><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>1</FONT></SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">、</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">交响乐队组成形式和形成过程</SPAN></B><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">交响乐队的真正形成是在近几百年内，严格来说就是在维也纳古典乐派所兴盛的时期。在这之前，交响乐队的结构组成并不完善，还只是一些编制不全的管弦乐队。如在海顿和莫扎特的创作中，乐队的编制和规模也仅仅限于室内乐特征的小型乐队。交响乐队形式和编制是在贝多芬的创作中达到完善的。如在贝多芬交响乐的创作中，双管或三管编制的交响乐队得到了基本确定。后来，在整个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>19</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">世纪早期到晚期的浪漫主义音乐全过程中，交响乐队编制和组合形式又得到了进一步的完善。大型四管交响乐队的出现和各种特性乐器的加入，更加丰富了交响乐队的音响效果和艺术表现力。这些特征在马勒、理查－施特劳斯及</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">世纪现 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484704.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2008 18:10:29 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1484704</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[交响音乐的历程]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484702.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<H1 style="MARGIN: 17pt 0cm 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: 28.1pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 240%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">交响音乐的历程（它的起源与发展）</SPAN></H1><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">音乐是音响逻辑形式的组合与发展，如旋律形态（主题、动机）的重复、变化等等，并且根据其内容的需要形成不同的体裁。</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">交响音乐<SPAN style="COLOR: #4f81bd; mso-themecolor: accent1">不是专指一种特定的体裁名称，而是一类器乐体裁的总称。这类体裁</SPAN>的共同特征是：</SPAN><P class=MsoListParagraph style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=Calibri>1、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">由大型的管弦乐队演奏；</SPAN><P class=MsoListParagraph style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=Calibri>2、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">音乐内涵深刻、格调高雅、</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">思想深邃</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">，</SPAN><P class=MsoListParagraph style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=Calibri>3、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">具有史诗性、戏剧性、叙事性、描写性、悲剧性、英雄性，抒情性、风俗性等特质；</SPAN><P class=MsoListParagraph style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=Calibri>4、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">有较严谨的结构</SPAN><P class=MsoListParagraph style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=Calibri>5、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">丰富的表现手段</SPAN><P class=MsoListParagraph style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 0; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore"><FONT face=Calibri>6、</FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">按照约定俗成的惯例，交响音乐主要是指交响曲、协奏曲、交响序曲、交响组曲和交响诗<SPAN style="COLOR: red">五种</SPAN>体裁。</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm; mso-char-indent-count: 0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">但其范畴也时常扩展到一些各具特色的管弦乐曲，如交响乐队演奏的交响幻想曲、随想曲、狂想曲、交响叙事曲、交响变 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.1pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><DIV style="mso-element: endnote-list"><DIV id=edn1 style="mso-element: endnote"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.05pt"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.05pt"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.05pt"><P class=MsoEndnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt"><SPAN la]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484702.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2008 18:09:34 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1484702</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[透明的水晶球——莫扎特]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484615.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri><IMG src="http://blogfile.ifeng.com/uploadfiles/blog_attachment/0805/86/1261086_daaa2fdd453feb25fc9eb6bf6b333c49.jpg"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left></FONT></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">莫扎特，这位降生于冬天也离开于冬天的音乐神童在天堂在上帝的身边他逗留了两百多个年头，在人间他仅仅生活了三十五个春秋；这位上帝的宠儿，非凡的天才去世的时候只有三个人在教堂送他，而在去墓地的路上他们也禁不住严冬那狂风暴雪的抽打半路上缩回家了。只留下那孤零零的掘墓老人，任由他把天才的莫扎特薄皮棺材扔进平民墓地草草埋葬。比较起贝多芬告别人世时两万人倾城出动为他送葬可谓天壤之别。</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">莫扎特为稀世之才，众口皆碑：三岁学琴，五岁作曲，过了两年以后居然结集出版；八岁写交响乐，十二岁第一部不太成功的歌剧……三十年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>626</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">部作品足够别人抄写上多少个年头？</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">巴赫作曲要花费脑筋，纵横兼顾，上下妥帖，他是在用脑作曲。贝多芬作曲 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left>]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484615.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2008 17:26:26 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1484615</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[性格善良的老海顿]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484606.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt" align=center><IMG src="http://blogfile.ifeng.com/uploadfiles/blog_attachment/0805/86/1261086_ea73f4e9d10cd36fd64555ec271ef445.jpg"></FONT></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">海顿被后人推崇为“交响曲之父”与“弦乐四重奏之父”。其实，无论交响曲还是弦乐四重奏都不是由他首创，不过，这两个尊称却并非过誉，因为正是在他的培植下，这两种重要的器乐曲体裁才从草创进入了成熟阶段。由于他对于交响曲体裁的形成和完善作出了巨大贡献，因此被人们称作“交响乐之父”。</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">在交响曲中，他确立了以短小动机加以动力性展开的奏鸣性发展原则，废除了数字低音的传统，以及开始确立了近代管弦乐的编制和配器原则。在弦乐四重奏中，他采用“说话的原则”，即各声部彼此像交谈般地呼应，既有清晰的旋律，又有复调的美感。莫扎特说：“从海顿那里我才第一次学会了写作四重奏的真正方法。”</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">海顿的性格善良，诚恳而质朴，是一个人道主义 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484606.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2008 17:23:16 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1484606</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[乐圣？为什么]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484594.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin"><IMG src="http://blogfile.ifeng.com/uploadfiles/blog_attachment/0805/86/1261086_620cb66f07bebe3b64ea34b5a9496b1a.jpg"></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">贝多芬</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast">（在世</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">57</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast">年，一生完成了一百多部作品）</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">罗曼·罗兰曾称赞贝多芬是：“<SPAN style="COLOR: red">法国大革命和拿破仑帝国时期最伟大的音乐诗人，是最生动地描绘了拿破仑时期的暴风骤雨的艺术家；他的描绘包括人民的苦难、悲伤；战争的紧张以及自由精神那沉醉的狂欢。”</SPAN></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">人们都说贝多芬是“乐圣”，但他有什么了不起？</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">他的旋律不如肖邦、柴可夫斯基那样缠绵悱恻，多愁善感，他质朴直率；</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">他的和声不如瓦格纳、施特劳斯那样华丽奇巧，他简明扼要，一生只用二十多个和弦；</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">他的配器不如拉威尔、雷斯皮基等人那样异彩纷呈，技艺精湛，但他直接有效，有着高超的内在平衡；扩展了交响乐队的音域、动态和乐器疆域；</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">他的风格也不象勋伯格、斯特拉文斯基那样多变，他只用他那个时 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left>]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484594.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2008 17:18:35 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1484594</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[美妙的回声——奥兰多·迪·拉索]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484583.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin"><IMG style="WIDTH: 239px; HEIGHT: 291px" height=188 src="http://blogfile.ifeng.com/uploadfiles/blog_attachment/0805/86/1261086_d2649d3232b44e9480e11f8f17f127a9.jpg" width=140></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">奥兰多·迪·拉索（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Orlando di Lasso</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>1532</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">——</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>1594</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">）佛兰德乐派（文艺复兴时期的主要乐派）最伟大的作曲家,他为复调音乐到主调音乐的过渡开辟了广阔的道路。</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">他于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>1532</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin">年出生在比利时埃诺省一个名叫蒙斯的地方。埃诺在“文艺复兴”时期音乐十分发达，曾经孕育过一些著名的作曲家和音乐教育家。拉索从小就在这个良好的音乐环境里受到熏陶，少年时期就爱唱歌，他有一副动人的歌喉，在当地教堂唱诗班里，是一名出色的歌手。为了学习音乐，拉索曾经多次出国，到当时音乐比较发达的国家——意大利、奥地利、德国和法国深造。拉索的作品大部分是声乐曲，仅赞美诗、弥撒曲就有几百首。世俗歌曲、意大利式的牧歌、说唱歌曲以 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1484583.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 May 2008 17:13:31 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1484583</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[川江号子（三）]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1356377.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.05pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4" align=left><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">（二）现代有关川江号子的资料汇集</SPAN></B><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">1950</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">年，陶鹏经作家著名王余动员改编了（杜宇整理）《川江船夫号子》，在公开演出《川江船夫号子》时陶鹏担纲朗诵和领唱，首场演出就引起了强烈反响。多家电台竞相录音介绍，当时在渝的著名音乐家时乐濛和作曲家蓝河也找到陶鹏，索要“川江号子”的素材。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">1951</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">年</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">6</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">月，《川江船夫号子》在《人民音乐》杂志发表，后又被灌成唱片发往国内外，据说一些东南亚的侨胞更是把《川江船夫号子》作为思念祖国的精神寄托。在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">50</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">年代，它几乎成了我国家喻户晓的流行名曲：“……嗨嗨，清风吹来凉悠悠，连手推船下涪州，嗨嗨，嗨嗨，有钱人在，家中坐……”。</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">1951</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">年，时乐濛将川江号子素材用于合唱</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: #7e7e7e; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">英雄 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 21pt; TEXT-INDENT: -21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 10pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"><DIV style="mso-element: footnote-list"><DIV id=ftn1 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn2 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn3 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn4 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn5 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"></DIV></DIV>]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1356377.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Mar 2008 18:18:10 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1356377</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[川江号子（续）]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1356374.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[(续前)
<SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #555555; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">    船工们说：号子是吼出来的。嘶声力竭的呐喊、迢声吆吆的倾诉、真情实意的宣泄并展示了人们与大自然作斗争的无畏精神。船工地位低下，生活贫苦，劳动艰辛使号子带有悲戚愤懑的情调。他们在经年累月的唱号子中，形成了号子的不同腔型类别，计有四平腔数板、懒大桡数板、起复桡数板、快二流数板、落泊腔数板等。这些腔调中，号子头的领唱部分，节奏在规范中又有变化，小腔花音使用较多，带有一定的即兴成分，故有十唱十不同的说法，但总体上具有雄壮激越的音调，又有悦耳抒情的旋律，在行船中起着统一摇橹扳动作和调剂船工急缓情绪的作用。在三面临水、一面朝天的环境中，给贫苦的船工带来一点欢乐。号子的唱词也很丰富，往往以 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4" align=right><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 4" align=right><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.05pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt">]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1356374.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Mar 2008 18:17:33 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1356374</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[川江号子]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1356371.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoCaption style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=center><H1 style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 44.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">川江号子</SPAN></H1><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #555555; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">水木亚丁</SPAN></B><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.1pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=right><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #555555; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">川江号子是我国长江流域文明的一个艳丽的奇葩，是我国民歌中劳动号子的一个独特的组成部分，是一道独特的人文风景线，是四川盆地长江及其支流各河道船工号子的总称。其历史极为悠久，在我国劳动号子中最具特色。川江航道艰险，险滩密布，礁石林立，水流湍急。川江号子是这里的人们在水运和舟楫活动中产生的巴蜀地域古老文明的宝贵文化遗产。已经被列为我国著名的非物质文化遗产名录的川江号子作为中国传统的优秀民族民间艺术，它以高亢激越、优美抒情的歌声蜚声海内外，古往今来，在世界民间艺术的宝藏里闪烁着不朽的光辉。据资料记载它已有两千年以上的传承与发展历史，它影响了川江流域内的多种民歌、曲艺、戏曲和其他文化艺术 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoCaption style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: white; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%"><TBODY><TR><TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: #f0f0f0; BORDER-TOP: #f0f0f0; BORDER-LEFT: #f0f0f0; BORDER-BOTTOM: #f0f0f0; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent"><DIV><P class=MsoCaption style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1356371.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Mar 2008 18:15:58 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1356371</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[古代的无词之歌——啸（续）]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1319591.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[（续前）
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">由此，我以为古代的啸其实与歌唱本无二至，其形式大多是“无词之歌”。</SPAN></FONT><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><FONT size=2>孙广</FONT></SPAN><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4" href="http://blog.ifeng.com/#_ftn4" name=_ftnref4><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">[4]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">在他所著的关于啸的专著《啸旨》卷中，分别有“流云龙吟”、“深溪虎”、“高柳蝉”、“古木鸢”、“巫峡猿”等曲段，因之说此类啸歌是“标题音乐”亦无不可。其《序》云：“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">夫气激于喉而浊，谓之言；激于舌而清，谓之啸。”从发音位置看，啸是气流“激于喉”而产生的。晋•王嘉《拾遗记》卷五：“人舌尖处到向喉内，亦曰两舌重沓，以爪徐刮之，则啸声清远。”说明啸的气流强弱的控制与口腔共鸣的配合十分重要。</SPAN></FONT><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">西晋的成公绥是一位音律学专家，生于魏明帝太和四年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><FONT face=Calibri>230</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">），卒于泰始九年（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><FONT face=Calibri>273</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">）。他有口吃的毛病说话不清楚，但却是一位啸歌高手。 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN></FONT><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><DIV style="mso-element: footnote-list"><DIV id=ftn1 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn2 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn3 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn4 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn5 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn6 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"></DIV><DIV id=ftn7 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt"></DIV></DIV>]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1319591.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 02 Mar 2008 22:31:45 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1319591</guid>
        </item>
                <item>
            <title><![CDATA[古代的无词歌——啸]]></title>
            <link>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1319590.html</link>
            <description><![CDATA[<H1 style="MARGIN: 15pt 0cm 2pt"><FONT size=5><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">古代的无词歌——啸</SPAN></FONT></H1><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-ALIGN: right" align=right><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><FONT size=2>水木亚丁(copla)</FONT></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; punctuation-trim: leading"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><FONT size=2>去岁</FONT></SPAN><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://blog.ifeng.com/#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">[1]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">五月，四川省音协组织一批音乐理论家、作曲家赴著名历史名城三台县召开首届音乐创作研讨会议，其间幸会县文化馆景竹友先生。应景先生雅邀，我们到馆里的陈列室参观了梓州历年出土文物。对文物从来就有浓厚兴趣的我赫然发现其中有数尊陶俑，均作啸歌状。在我的印象中，这种汉代的泥陶俑在四川各地均有出土，以前我在雅安等地也曾经见到过。余当既谓之“啸俑”，遂得到同行的四川音乐学院著名音乐史学家朱舟先生的首肯认同。回到成都后，又收到景竹友先生寄来大札告知：“学术界原定为“抚耳俑”、“听琴俑”，看来均错了，对于你的观点我很同意。”对于陶俑的抚耳之状，我专门请教了四川省音像 ……<br/><br/>……</SPAN></FONT><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">]]></description>
            <author>copla</author>
            <comments>http://blog.ifeng.com/article/1319590.html#comment</comments>
            <pubDate>Sun, 02 Mar 2008 22:30:26 +0800</pubDate>
            <guid>1319590</guid>
        </item>
            </channel>
</rss>